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具芒

arista

...rachycera下，触角5节以下，一般3节，末节具芒 (arista) ，小颚须1~2节，分为3个总科，家蝇总科、狂蝇总科、蝨蝇总科， …

1

Creeping or obliquely ascending herbs ; sepals with adaxial gland-pits, male sepal margins distally irregularly crenate; stipules awned.

匍匐的或斜升的草本；萼片与一起具洼点的正面腺体，雄花萼片上部边缘不规则；托叶具芒。

2

both lemmas coriaceous, hard and shining , especially down the center, the lower cuspidate to awned.

革质，硬的两外稃和发亮，特别沿着中心，对具芒骤尖的下部。

3

Calyx lobes broadly triangular , apex acuminate with an aristate tip .

萼裂片宽三角形，先端渐尖具具芒的信息。

4

This is a lowland species with distinctive , smooth , leathery leaf blades and a rather dense panicle of setose, awned spikelets .

这低地种具特别，平滑，革质叶片和相当紧密圆锥花序，具芒小穗。

5

segments broadly ovate to oblong, membranous or leathery, abaxially usually transversely winged in fruit, apex obtuse, acute, or awned.

裂片宽卵形到长圆形，膜质或革质的，通常横向具翅在果期，先端钝，锐尖，或具芒的。

6

Panicle spike like with short racemes appressed to the axis ; spikelets straight-awned; lower glume distinctly 2-keeled.

圆锥花序穗状的具短总状花序贴伏于轴；小穗直具芒；清楚的更低的颖片 2 翻转。

7

8

lateral petals small , apex often aristate.

侧花瓣小，先端通常具芒。

9

filaments short; anthers 2-celled, dehiscent from apical slits , with awn or hairs at tip .

花丝短花药 2 室，从顶端的裂缝，具芒或毛在顶部开裂。

10

Calyx lobes broadly triangular , apex acute with a ca . 0 . 5 mm aristate tip.

萼裂片宽三角形，先端锐尖具长约 0.5 毫米具芒的顶部。

12

Glumes awned, the awns often sticky .

具芒的颖片，发粘的芒通常。

13

bracts persistent, linear or linear-lanceolate , 1-2 mm, apex aristate.

苞片宿存，线形或线状披针形，1-2 毫米，先端具芒。

14

Spikelets 3 -awned (from upper glume and both lemmas); lower glume scabrid, apex 2-cleft ; nodes of culm pubescent.

小穗 3 具芒（从上面颖片和两外稃）；粗糙的下部的颖片，先端 2 半裂；秆短柔毛的节。

15

inner sepals 2 , obovate to falcate, ca. 3 mm, apex acute, aristate, ciliate.

内部萼片 2 ，倒卵形到镰刀形，长约 3 毫米，先端锐尖，具芒，具缘毛。

16

2 (1) Margin of leaf blade crenate-serrate , teeth not aristate.

叶片圆齿状锯齿的边缘，齿不具芒。

17

mericarps 15-20 , apex acute , slightly awned, long stellate scabrous .

分果爿 15-20 ，先端锐尖，有点具芒，长星状粗糙。

18

lobes 5 , broadly triangular , ca . 1 mm, apex aristate.

裂片 5 ，宽三角形，长约 1 毫米，先端具芒。

20

involucres 2 or 3 , white or green , lanceolate, to 3. 5 cm, membranous, apex acuminate and aristate.

总苞 2 或 3 ，白色或者绿色，披针形，对 3.5 厘米，膜，先端渐尖和具芒。

21

mericarps 10 , with vertical grooves, apex 2 -awned, awn 3-4 mm, exceeding calyx, retrorsely barbed .

分果爿 10 ，有垂直槽沟，2 具芒的顶，3-4 毫米的芒，超过花萼，反曲具倒刺。

22

23

anthers oblong , the cae each dehiscing by an elongate slit , awned at apex ;

花药长圆形，囊各自通过一拉长裂缝开裂，具芒的在先端；

24

upper glume lanceolate , shiny , obscurely 5-veined, apex subacute, sometimes with subapical awn-point ;

上面颖片披针形，发亮，不明显 5 ，近尖的先端，有时具芒点；

25

26

lemmas lanceolate to narrowly ovate , membranous or leathery, hispid or villous, apex 2 -toothed to deeply 2-cleft, awned from between lobes ;

外稃披针形到狭卵形，膜质或革质，具糙硬毛或具长柔毛，先端齿兑一深深 2 半裂，从在裂片之间具芒；

27

Spikelets narrowly elliptic to subround, plump , plano -convex, often hispidulous or spinulose, acute to awned;

小穗狭椭圆形到近圆形，肥厚，平凸，通常具短硬毛或，对具芒锐尖；

28

Seeds numerous, hairy throughout or awned at apex ;

种子多数，全部被毛或在先端具芒；

29

30

lemmas usually awned from near base ;

从近基部通常具芒的外稃；

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